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  Brewery Excavated at Abydos At North  Abydos , Sohag, Egypt a team of Egyptian-American archaeologists uncovered a funerary site. From this site, they  excavated a 5000-year-old brewery . Archaeologists are of the opinion that it was a high-production unit for beer. A total of 40 earthenware pots has been excavated from the site. “The brewery likely dates back to the era of King  Narmer ” - said the team in a Facebook post. Currently, it is believed to be the oldest high-production brewery in the world. To the ancient Egyptians, beer was a great way of preserving food grains. The Egyptian hieroglyphs depict beer as a part of their meal, along with bread, dried fish and onions. Ancient Egyptian Brewing Culture During the early stages of the culture of brewing, women were the chief brewers and brewing was a kind of cottage industry. It is thought that men took over the business of brewing sometime during the reign of Pharaoh  Mentuhotep II  (2050 - 2000 BCE). Miniature carved figures o

  The Philosophy of Juche Juche  is a word that is difficult to translate. The North-Korean word was made popular by Kim-il-Sung, the first supreme leader of North Korea. If the word is translated to its nearest English expression it would mean “self-reliance”. Juche is a complex word to translate because it is a complex political philosophy which is unique to North Korea. A blend of Marxism and Confucianism (inherited from the shared Chinese culture), it is also influenced by Japanese Imperialism and Korean nationalism. At its barest form, Juche denotes that North Korea is a civilizational state with its distinct history and culture which is separate from other nations. In order to safeguard its culture, the nation must remain separate from the rest of the world ideologically, politically and culturally. To accomplish this self-segregation the nation has to depend solely on its own strength with guidance from its demagogue leader. Since its inception, Juche espoused three kinds of aut